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Pigeon Hole Parking System

Pigeon Hole Parking System

The self-supporting Pigeon Hole Parking structures seemed like a good idea at the time. But cars did get trapped, and the format was a short-lived endeavor

A pigeon holding parking structure from 1955 in Harrisburg pennsylvania. many cars from the 1950s can be seen in the individual parking slots

The free-standing Pigeon Hole Parking structure uses an elevator to raise the car, then slide it along the row, and insert it into a space in the steel frame.

BY MARK MAYNARD

The deadly collapse of the four-story garage in Lower Manhattan Tuesday reminded me of this 1955 photo of the so-called Pigeon Hole Parking system.

I could find no reports of motorists losing lives in this once creative format to help expand parking space in metropolitan areas, but cars did get trapped, and the format was a short-lived endeavor.

According to a report in the Spokesman-Review in Spokane, Wash., brothers Vaughn and Leo Sanders came up with the idea for a robotic parking valet. They were loggers who also ran a silver mine and a lumber mill in Northport, near the Canadian border. Leo came up with the idea of robotic parking while operating a forklift at the mill.

After serving in World War II, the brothers founded Pigeon Hole Parking in 1947, wrote Jesse Tinsley in his 2014 report for the Spokesman-Review. “They patented a machine that would lift a car, slide it down the row and poke it into a space in a steel frame. No building with an elevator is required, just the space.

Cost-Effective Parking System?

The business plan for Pigeon Hole Parking seemed cost-effective. One or two people could run the entire operation. The Sanderses claimed that spaces in a concrete structure cost $1,200 each versus $300 for a Pigeon Hole space.

The brothers began building units for Los Angeles, Phoenix, New York, Chicago, and other urban areas. Cities in Europe and South America, which had narrow streets, expressed interest in the concept. Eventually, Spokane, Wash., would have four Pigeon Hole machines.

There were other parking machines on the market, but few were as popular as the Spokane original.

A Pigeon Hole Parking structure could store three to five times as many cars as a surface lot. The company went public in 1951. Over the years, Vaughn and Leo Sanders fought off takeover attempts by their board and stockholders. The company also sued other companies, some run by former Pigeon Hole employees, for patent infringement, wrote Tinsley.

Sales slowed after several years, Vaughn Sanders said, because financing new structures was difficult. A more likely reason was that the machinery often broke down, trapping cars for days while repairs were made. And the machinery couldn’t handle rapid surges in traffic.

Pigeon Hole Parking went out of business around 1971.

The photo with this story shows a 1955 Pigeon Hole structure in Harrisburg, Pa. The open-air garage was connected to an office building, according to the caption information with the image.

How many cars in the pigeon holes can you ID? I like the Studebaker with white-walls. And is that a 1955 Packard Clipper?

Look closely in the background for the Pennsylvania State Capitol.

2023 Nissan Pathfinder Platinum Review

2023 Nissan Pathfinder Platinum Review

The fifth-generation 2023 Nissan Pathfinder feels built for the long haul. Nothing about it seemed budget constrained or cheap. Many of its design features are helping hands for parents.

A side view of a red Nissan Pathfinder

The fifth-generation Nissan Pathfinder follows in the tracks of the nameplate’s first U.S. hardbody model from 1986. (Photos courtesy of NissanUSA or as credited)

Table of Contents

Pathfinder Through the Years
7 Cool Features
Oddities and Observations
What’s New for 2023?
2023 Nissan Pathfinder Pricing
How Is It To Drive?
Brakes, Steering, Suspension
Back Seats and Cargo Space
Why Buy the 2023 Nissan Pathfinder?
Specifications

BY MARK MAYNARD

The Nissan Pathfinder has traveled many paths since it debuted as a “hardbody” in 1986.

The first-generation Pathfinder was introduced for model year 1987 as a two-door body-on-frame SUV. Built on a ladder-type frame, Pathfinder shared styling and most components with the Nissan Hardbody pickup.

Pathfinder’s optional 4WD system was considered unique at the time because it could be engaged electronically — “shift on the fly” — while the vehicle was moving. All versions of Pathfinder were available in two-wheel drive or manually engaged 4WD configurations. Base models had modest power from a 106-horsepower, 2.4-liter four-cylinder engine or an optional 143-hp 3.0-liter V-6.

Nissan’s new SUV was in response to the growing competition: Chevrolet Blazer, Ford Bronco II, Jeep Cherokee, and import SUVs such as the Toyota 4Runner, Honda Passport, and the 1989 to 2004 Isuzu MU.

Today, there are more three-row SUV competitors than ever. Among the choices for 2023 are the Chevrolet Traverse, Honda Pilot, Hyundai Palisade, Jeep Grand Cherokee L, Kia Telluride, Mitsubishi Outlander, Toyota Highlander, and VW Atlas.

The front seat area of the 2023 nissanp pathfinder

A roomy driver area with headroom of 41.1 inches with the panoramic moonroof.

Pathfinder Through the Years

Nissan tended dutifully over the years to keep Pathfinder current and competitive. It was ahead of its time for some features, but not all variants endured the tests of owners.

It was October 1989 when Nissan debuted the four-door Pathfinder. Then, in late 1995, the second-generation Pathfinder was introduced with revised styling. There was another mild redesign in 2002.

A completely redesigned, third-generation Pathfinder debuted in late 2004 for the 2005 model year.

Model year 2013 brought a critical shift for the fourth-generation Pathfinder. The body-on-frame, truck-based SUV was replaced with a unibody design and sleek new (aerodynamic) exterior styling. It used the same platform as the Infiniti QX60, Altima, Maxima, Murano, and Quest minivan.

Nissan launched a short-lived gasoline-electric hybrid Pathfinder in 2014. Its powertrain was a supercharged 2.5-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine and an electric motor paired with a compact lithium-ion battery. The hybrid model, however, was a one-year-only offering. Owners complained they could not get gas mileage close to the advertised 25 to 28 mpg.

The fifth-generation Pathfinder was unveiled in early February 2021 as a 2022 model, skipping the 2021 model year.

Nissan brought back more emphasis on the current Pathfinder as a family adventure vehicle. The more squared-off styling — and what might be the best-looking rear end of any new SUV — ever-so-slightly goes back to the roots of Pathfinder.

There is an active forum for Pathfinder owners at PathfinderTalk.com. Owners — some of whom are lifelong Nissan faithful — post their problems, remedies, and praise.

the view from the third row of the pathfinder panoramic moonroof

The panoramic moonroof is standard on the Platinum.

7 Features Owners Will Value

Nissan engineers and designers sweat the small details and provide many enhancements and innovations. Some of these emerge only after time on the road.

Auto on-off LED headlights linked to windshield wiper use. In California and other states, it is the law to use headlights with wipers in the rain. With Nissan’s auto function, drivers will know they are always compliant.

Capacitive touch lock-unlock rear side doors. Such a simple convenience, but many others save some budget and omit that access to the rear side doors. Walking up to the back doors with an armful of kid or groceries, the driver gains quick access with a touch of the door handle. Too often, back-door entry requires first touching a front-door handle.

“Bridge” storage. Nissan makes the most of the front center console with a deep bin and “bridge” under-storage space. The pass-through bridge is also convenient for the passenger. Most other shift consoles are solid, which wastes the extra storage potential.

The pathfinder's 'bridge' storage in the lower center console

‘Bridge’ storage below and above the shift console, with a phone-audio e-bin.

Storage shelf above the glove compartment. The slim shelf will fit any generation iPhone, Nissan says. It is also mostly out of sight and sunshine.

2nd-row pushbutton seat release. Loading kids into the third row is so simple any kid can do it. The pushbutton release at the door-side seat base of the captain’s chair boosts the chair up and forward for third-row access.

the second row captain's chairs

The Captain’s Chairs package with removable center console.

54.1-liter luggage box. The undercargo floor storage compartment (1.9 cubic feet) has a hinged lid and dividers to separate the good-sized compartments. It’s part of the Cargo package, $345, and worth it.

10-way power passenger seat for Pathfinder SL and Platinum. Some imports don’t even provide height adjustment for the passenger — and nobody likes being low in the front seat.

6,000-pound towing capacity. Base models can pull a trailer up to 3,500 pounds, but the Rock Creek and Platinum models are uprated to a 3-ton capacity.

the understorage of the pathfinder

The underfloor storage box is made more functional with the section dividers from the optional Cargo package. (Mark Maynard photo)

 Oddities and Observations

Transmission unexpectedly went into Park while sitting at a stoplight. I don’t believe I bumped the electronic shifter’s Park button atop the shifter grip, yet the Pathfinder transmission went into Park at a stoplight near my home. I didn’t discover the issue until the light turned green. The problem never occurred again in my test week.

Tilt-down mirror confused. When engaging reverse, the passenger side mirror is supposed to tilt down to show the curb and then go back into position when Drive or Park are engaged. The tilt-down can work on either left or right-side mirrors. The driver must select the left or right mirror control on the door panel. I tried both sides, and each time, the side mirror tilted up, not down.

Slow response to infotainment screen. Making a selection on the infotainment screen would take a second or two to activate. Of course, I’d tap the selection again, thinking I’d missed the icon. Nope, it’s just slow.

No wireless Android Auto. While Apple CarPlay has wireless connectivity, Android users must use the access cable.

ProPILOT Assist vagueness. This Level 2 driver-assist system was once at the vanguard of semi-autonomous driving. But the advanced technologies that go into Level 2 have been honed by others to be more accurate, especially in lane centering. In my experience, the system allowed the Pathfinder to drift wide in cornering, crossing the white lines, and then giving me an alert. It also seemed the Pathfinder was closer to the lane marking on the right than the left. Still, ProPILOT is welcome backup in heavy commuting, but  keep both hands on the wheel.

The pathfinder has an around view camera system

The Intelligent Around View Monitor with Moving Object Detection.

What’s New for 2023 Pathfinder?

Nissan brought back the off-roading ready Pathfinder Rock Creek for 2023. Among its adventuring credentials are standard Intelligent 4WD, an off-road-tuned suspension, and a 5/8-inch suspension lift.

Using premium fuel gives the 3.5-liter V-6 engine a power boost of 11 horsepower and 11 foot pounds of torque. A Nissan spokesman explained that the bump in power for Pathfinder Rock Creek is by engine software programming to take advantage of the extra octane in premium fuel. “The engine computer senses the extra octane and adjusts accordingly. The other Pathfinder models don’t get this programming, so they won’t get a horsepower boost like the Rock Creek.”

I suggested that Nissan consider adding that engine-software programming as an option. How much would you pay for 11 more hp?

Other Rock Creek upgrades include:

  • 18-inch beadlock-style wheels with all-terrain tires;
  • Tubular roof rack with a 220-pound capacity;
  • Tow hitch receiver and harness with 6,000-pound maximum towing capability;
  • LED fog lights;
  • Intelligent Around View Monitor with Off-Road Mode. A front-view camera shows the terrain ahead, with a side view, all of which help driver’s place the tires where there is solid ground;
  • Orange interior stitching and second-row captain’s chairs.
  • Rock Creek pricing starts at $44,355.
The 12-inch digital 'dashboard' gauge array

The 12-inch digital dashboard.

Other 2023 Pathfinder Upgrades

  1. The upper-range SL trim levels now have a standard wireless phone charging pad;
  2. Pathfinder Platinum has a new captain’s chairs package, which adds a removable console between the second-row chairs. And it can be easily removed if needed for step-through access to the third row.
  3. 10-way power passenger seat for Pathfinder SL and Platinum. Hooray. Not all Japanese makes provide such adjustability for the front passenger.
The pathfinder third row

Third-row seating is kid class, but access is easy with pushbutton release of the second row.

2023 Nissan Pathfinder Pricing

There are five trim levels for the 2023 Nissan Pathfinder in front- or four-wheel drive. All trims have a 284-hp, 3.5-liter V-6 and a nine-speed automatic transmission. Starting prices below include the $1,335 freight charge from Smyrna, Tenn.

Pathfinder S: $36,535 2WD, $38,435 4WD (add $1,900 for 4WD)

Key S trim features include:

  • Nissan Safety Shield 360, driver-assist system;
  • Tri-zone automatic temperature control;
  • Apple CarPlay connectivity;
  • EZ FLEX seating system featuring Latch And Glide and 3rd-row 60/40-split fold-flat reclining bench seat.

Pathfinder SV: $39,355 2WD, $41,255 4WD

Key SV features include:

  • Heated front seats;
  • ProPILOT driver-assist system;
  • Intelligent Lane Intervention;
  • Intelligent Blind Spot Intervention;
  • 10-way power driver’s seat with 2-way power lumbar;
  • Remote Engine Start System with Intelligent Climate Control.

Pathfinder SL: $44,855

Key SL features include:

  • Four-wheel drive;
  • Leather-trimmed seats in first and second rows;
  • NissanConnect 9-inch color infotainment touch-screen display;
  • Intelligent Around View Monitor;
  • Wireless Apple CarPlay integration;
  • Wireless charger;
  • ProPILOT Assist with Navi-link.

Pathfinder Platinum: $49,505 2WD, $51,405 4WD

Key Platinum features include:

  • 20-inch aluminum-alloy wheels;
  • Heated and ventilated front seats;
  • Panoramic moonroof;
  • Head-up windshield display;
  • Bose premium audio system with 13 speakers, including dual woofers;
  • Tow-hitch receiver with 4-pin wiring harness.

Check here for current pricing and special offers.

The Pathfinder Platinum tester was $55,035 with seven options, including special paint for $790 and $550 for the Captain’s Chairs package, with the removable center console. But the most impressive (usable) option to me is the Cargo package, $345. Among its assets are heavy-duty rubber cargo floor and seatback protectors.

All of the tester’s options and pricing are in the specifications chart below.

Safety Features and Technologies

Every Pathfinder has the Nissan Safety Shield 360. This collection of technologies includes Automatic Emergency Braking with Pedestrian Detection, Blind Spot Warning, Rear Cross Traffic Alert, Lane Departure Warning, High Beam Assist, and Rear Automatic Braking.

And all versions of Pathfinder have 10 air bags, but there is an added driver-seat front-center bag on the Platinum.

Other safety features are in the specs chart below.

Dial-up performance modes from Sand to Sport.

Dial-up performance modes from Sand to Sport.

How Is It To Drive?

The 2023 Nissan Pathfinder feels big and wide, though it has about the same size footprint as its competition. Nissan gave Pathfinder all the power and suspension elements to be driver-engaging, but the result is more fundamental than fun-demental. Most users wouldn’t pile in the family and head out to tear up some back roads.

The turning circle with 20-inch tires is a manageable 38.7 feet, with driver assists from the around-view camera when parking.

The sole powertrain is a 284-hp, direct-injected 3.5-liter V-6 with a nine-speed automatic. Hallelujah, Nissan ditched the continuously variable automatic for this nine-speed, and few will be looking back. Shift points are well-timed but sluggish to downshift when going up hills. Overall acceleration, however, was quick enough that I didn’t feel the need to engage Sport mode. (However, I do use Sport when plugging along in the heavy commute. The quicker Sport kick is helpful to ward off those cretins who try to dive into the too-small space between you and the car ahead.)

With 259 foot-pounds of torque at 4,800 rpm, there is adequate force to handle the Pathfinder Platinum’s 4,625 pounds, not including occupants.

Fuel economy estimates of 20 mpg city and 25 mpg highway might be hopeful; 87 octane is recommended for all models but Rock Creek. Around town in my week of driving, my average fuel economy hovered between 11 to 16 mpg. I worked up to 22 mpg on more extended highway driving, meeting the EPA estimate.

The pathfinder's v6 engine

The 284-hp 3.5-liter V-6 for all Pathfinder trim levels.

Braking, Steering, Suspension

Pathfinder’s foundation feels robust and substantial, essential for towing and adventuring off the highway. The ride quality is comfortable but gives an unexpected sport-tuned jolt over rough road. Inputs to steering and braking are refined and steady.

But there is noticeable ambient cabin noise at highway speeds, which I attributed to the prominent roof rail cross bars.

The 6,000-pound towing capacity for Platinum and Rock Creek requires the Class III receiver hitch, the seven-pin connector for trailer braking, and the factory-installed transmission oil cooler. The upgrade is part of the Premium Package on the SV and SL models. The SV Premium Package is $2,170, and the SL Premium Package is $2,990.

Braking: Four-wheel disc brakes have vented rotors front and rear with 13.8-inch rotors front and 13-inch rotors rear.

Steering: electric power assist with vehicle-speed assist,

Suspension: four-wheel independent with front struts and rear multi-link setup; solid stabilizer bar front, hollow rear. Twin tube, dual-flow path shock absorbers;

Tires-Wheels: 255/50 20-inch all-season tires on machined aluminum-alloy wheels with a dark metallic gray finish. A temporary spare stows underbody at the cargo area;

The Pathfinder Platinum is well dressed in 20-inch all-season tires on machined aluminum-alloy wheels with a dark metallic gray finish.

The Pathfinder Platinum is well dressed in 20-inch all-season tires on aluminum-alloy wheels.

Back Seats and Cargo Space

Raised back seat height in the Pathfinder is very kid friendly for open views and helpful to ward off motion

electronic back seat ac and vent controls

Electronic climate controls for the second row.

queasiness. Also beneficial are ceiling vents just above each side window, with reading lights. There also is a lot of seatback recline, another parenting asset for sleeping youngsters.

A flat floor in the second and third rows is the great enabler for comfortable foot space, uncompromised by a transmission tunnel. Adult legroom in the second row is functional at 35.5 inches, which can be stretched a bit with a few inches of fore-aft slide.

And there is plenty of big-bottle space in the door panels.

a pair of chilld seats in the second row

Captain kids’ chairs.

Parents will appreciate the pushbutton spring release to slide forward the second-row seat for third-row access. And there’s a one-arm push to lock down the seat. As with most midsize, three-row SUVs, the way back is best for small children.

Cargo capacity ranges from grocery bag and gym bag space behind the third row (16.6 cubic feet) to family vacation capacity of 45 cu.ft. with the third row folded.

The liftgate opening is 49 inches wide, or 4 feet, 1 inch. With both rows folded, there is about 6 ½ feet in length for a wide bay of 80.5 cu.ft. Other cargo area features include two grocery bag hooks, four tie downs, lighting, and a 12-volt plug.

Cargo space behind the third row is 16.6 cubic feet

Check out the heavy-duty rubber cargo mat and seatback protector, both are part of the $345 Cargo package, and worth it. (Mark Maynard photos)

Both rows of seats are folded for big and open cargo space

Fold both back seats for 6 ½ feet-plus in length.

Why Buy the 2023 Nissan Pathfinder?

The fifth-generation Nissan Pathfinder feels built for the long haul. Nothing about it seemed budget constrained or cheap. Many of its design features were helping hands for parents, at least for those who resist the “M” word for minivan. And the details of Nissan’s design and engineering will bring years of “Gee, I like that little extra.”

Pathfinder’s next midcycle freshening is planned for 2025, so there are long legs for the current model. But shop wisely for the most value.

The Platinum model has an appreciable load of standard features. However, you can step down a grade to the Pathfinder SL and add options that mimic the Platinum for a sticker of $48,190. I prefer a monotone paint scheme, saving $790. And to save another $395, stay away from optional paint colors, such as Scarlet Ember Tintcoat (a gorgeous red) or Pearl White TriCoat, for $395 each. Then save another $390 if you won’t use the (wind-noise generating) roof rail cross bars.

Add it up, and the Pathfinder SL 4WD, with leather-trimmed upholstery, saves nearly $7,000 over the Platinum. And that savings will buy a lot of gas for a driving vacation.

The good look rear end of the new pathfinder

Starting prices for the 2023 Nissan Pathfinder range from $36,535 to $50,000.

2023 Nissan Pathfinder Platinum Specifications

Body style: large-midsize, 3-row, 7-seat SUV with 4WD

Engine: 284-hp, naturally aspirated and direct-injection 3.5-liter V-6; 259 lb.-ft. torque at 4,800 rpm

Transmission: 9-speed automatic with manual shift mode paddle shifters, and electronic shift-by-wire drive selector; Intelligent 4WD with 7-position Drive and Terrain Mode

Fuel economy: 20/25/22 mpg city/hwy/combined; 87 octane

Tow capacity: up to 6,000 pounds; class III tow hitch with harness and 4-pin prewiring; trailer-sway control

BY THE NUMBERS

Fuel tank: 18.5 gallons

Cargo space: 16.6 cubic feet behind 3rd row; 45 cu.ft. 3rd row folded; 80.5 with both rows folded

Front head/leg room: 41.1*/44.3 inches *42.3 inches w/o moonroof

2nd-row head/leg room: 39.6/35.5 inches

3rd-row head/leg room: 37.8/28 inches

Length/wheelbase: 197.7/114.2 inches

Curb weight: 4,625 pounds

Turning circle: 38.7 feet

FEATURES

Standard equipment includes: Nissan Intelligent Key with push-button ignition, Intelligent cruise control, panoramic moonroof (with one-touch power tilt-sliding glass with shade), tri-zone climate control, wireless phone charging pad, 12.3-inch gauge display, head-up driver windshield display, 9-inch color navigation-infotainment touch display, 13-speaker Bose premium audio system with subwoofer, 10-way power adjusted front seats, heated and ventilated front seats, sun visors with extenders and vanity mirrors, heated 2nd-row window seats, quilted semi-aniline leather-trimmed upholstery in first and second rows, power tilt-telescopic steering column, two-driver memory presets, automatic LED headlights (high and low beams), LED running lights and fog lights, body-color power-folding and heated side mirrors with reverse tilt-down, privacy glass (rear-side windows and liftgate window), silver-finish roof rails, motion-activated power liftgate, 2 12-volt DC power outlets (1 front console, 1 in cargo area);

Safety features include: 11 air bags (including for Platinum, a driver seat-mounted front-center bag), dynamic traction control, hill-start assist with hill-hold control and hill-descent control, brake-force distribution, brake assist, 4-wheel ABS; LED side mirror-mounted turn signals;

Driver-assist technologies include: ProPILOT Assist semi-autonomous driver assist with Navi-link, blind-spot warning and blind-spot intervention, rear cross-traffic alert, automatic emergency braking with pedestrian detection, automatic rear braking, Intelligent forward-collision warning, Intelligent lane intervention.

PRICING

Base Platinum MSRP: $51,405, including $1,335 freight charge; price as tested $55,035

Options on test vehicle: Two-tone paint $790; captain chair’s package $550; roof-rail crossbars $390; LED fog lights $345; lighting package (without running boards $945; carpeted floor mats with captain’s chairs (4-piece set) $265; cargo package $345

Where assembled: Smyrna, Tenn.

Warranties: 3-years/36,000-miles bumper to bumper with 24/7 roadside assistance; 5-years/60,000-miles powertrain

BMW Expands ‘Ultimate Driving Experience’

BMW Expands ‘Ultimate Driving Experience’

The 2023 program features a full brand immersion experience including professional instruction on closed courses, street drives, vehicle displays, and tech demonstrations

A photo of a BMW I4 being driven past a cone on a driving course

Highlight vehicles for the Ultimate Driving Experience include the battery-electric models of BMW iX and i4 (shown), and the updated BMW 330e plug-in hybrid. (Photos courtesy of BMW USA)

BY MARK MAYNARD

BMW has revved up its long-running Ultimate Driving Experience tour across the U.S. for 2023. The “experience” provides BMW customers and enthusiasts with an immersive driving experience led by BMW professional driving instructors. 

 The Ultimate Driving Experience goes where no standard driver-training course can go. Tour participants are teamed with professional drivers.

 Be sure to register early. The tours typically fill up faster than an electric BMW iX SUV can get to 60 mph — in 4.6 seconds.

This year’s tour will include 26 total stops across the U.S., and San Diego is among the destinations.

The 2023 Ultimate Driving Experience allows participants to experience an array of BMW’s latest vehicles, including electrified models. A sample lineup of test vehicles includes the all-electric BMW iX and BMW i4, and the updated BMW 330e and BMW 530e plug-in hybrid electric sedans. 

The first tour stop was Washington, D.C., from March 30 to April 2. Other tour stops this year include Atlanta, Denver, Phoenix, San Francisco, Los Angeles, San Diego, Houston, Nashville, and others.

 According to a BMW spokesman, details for the tour stop in San Diego were still in the works as of this posting.

 “We will indeed be back this year, and the target event dates are Nov 2-5, 2023,” he said in an email.

A static view of a coper-colored BMW battery electric iC

The battery-electric 2023 BMW iX xDrive50: 516-hp, 0-60 mph in 4.4 seconds, and up to 307 miles of driving range with ultra-fast charging capability. Pricing starts at about $88,000.

 Ultimate Driving Experience Features

 AUTOCROSS: Pro instructors will demonstrate BMW’s performance driving dynamics, advanced technologies, and innovative safety features on a challenging closed course. (For ages 18 and older);

 STREET DRIVES: Test drives on area roads will include the all-electric MINI Cooper SE in select tour stops. (ages 25+);

 iX EXPERIENCE: Take a deep dive into the electric BMW iX SUV. With 516 horsepower and a 0-60 mph acceleration in 4.6 seconds, the BMW iX has an EPA estimated battery driving range of up to 324 miles. Advanced technologies in the iX range from 5G connectivity to a sweeping curved display that unites the 12.3-inch information display with a 14.9-inch central control display and BMW iDrive 8.

 DISPLAY VEHICLES: A static display will include the new, battery-electric BMW i7 Sedan flagship and the 644-hp plug-in hybrid electric BMW XM Sports Activity Vehicle.

The big BMW i7 electric flagship sedan

The battery-electric 2023 BMW i7 xDrive has a driving range of up to 318 miles and 0-60 mph acceleration in 4.5 seconds. Pricing starts at about $120,000.

To Register

The full BMW Ultimate Driving Experience schedule and program details are available on the official BMW UDE website

Fix the Damn Potholes!

Fix the Damn Potholes!
A pothole-crumbled street in San Diego

It will take more than a slurry coating to smooth this potholed street in San Diego. (Mark Maynard)

BY MARK MAYNARD

It was 2018 when politician Gretchen Whitmer was campaigning for Michigan governor when she heralded her campaign with the mantra, “Fix the Damn Roads.” She took the election campaign on the road for a mid-Michigan tour of 70 stops. Her campaign bus was wrapped with the battle cry, “Fix the Damn Roads.”

The campaign must have resonated with voters because Whitmer, a Democrat, was elected governor in 2019.

The Hankook Gauge Index logoMichigan does indeed have potholed pavement, particularly after the spring thaw. And an auto-journalist friend based in the Detroit area is thankful for a special $600 Ford promotion for additional tire-and-wheel coverage for his then-new vehicle. He used the policy seven times that season.

Potholes are unforgiving to low-profile tires and wide aftermarket wheels. As spring arrives, potholes become more prevalent as snow and ice melt. The freeze-and-thaw action of water weakens the asphalt and hollows the space below it. Traffic massages the crumbling road surface, giving birth to the dreaded potholes.

A pothole-crumbled street in San Diego

More Bumps In the Road

The big divots in streets and highways are a problem every year and getting worse, according to the latest Hankook Gauge Data report. The tiremaker’s recent survey had 1,031 respondents.

Drivers are facing a lot more bumps in the road. In the latest Gauge survey, 62 percent of American drivers said they are noticing more potholes this year than in the past.

Most motorists will steer right around them. While not recommended, a majority of drivers (54 percent) say they swerve around a pothole. That’s especially true for baby boomers, who are nearly twice as likely to swerve around potholes than their younger millennial counterparts — 71 percent vs. 35 percent, respectively.

Younger drivers follow the handbook. Industry pundits recommend that drivers slow down and drive carefully over the pothole — and 30 percent of drivers say they do so. Millennials, generally in the age range of 24 to 39, are most likely to follow this guidance (42 percent).

Tire damage is a top concern. When driving over a pothole, drivers are most concerned about damage to the tires (36 percent), followed by the wheels (22 percent) and shock absorbers (16 percent).

About Hankook

Hankook Tire Co., based in Seoul, Korea, is the seventh-largest tire company in the world. The tiremaker’s North American headquarters are in Nashville, Tenn.

Hankook markets a full line of on- and off-road tires. Among its tire brands are:
iON, dedicated tires for electric vehicles;
Ventus premium tires;
Dynapro SUV tires;
Kinergy, comfort tires;
Vantra, van tires;
Winter i*cept;
Smart, truck and bus tires.

Shop Hankook tires here.

Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid First Drive

Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid First Drive

The subcompact 2023 Corolla Cross Hybrid racks up 45 mpg in town, 38 on the highway, and 42 mpg combined — with standard all-wheel drive

A gold-colored Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid horizonal view

The new 2023 Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid has fuel economy estimates of 45 mpg city, 38 highway, and 42 mpg combined. Pricing starts at $30,000, including automatic all-wheel drive. (Photos courtesy of ToyotaUSA)

Table of Contents

Notes from the Test Drive
Interior Function
The Hybrid Powertrain
Pricing
Standard Features By Trim
Warranty Coverage
Safety Technologies
Suspension, Steering, Brakes
Specifications

BY MARK MAYNARD

Toyota’s Corolla Cross is a likable small SUV — and it’s even more likable now that it is available in a gasoline-electric hybrid model. The hybrid model joins the front-wheel-drive, gas-engine Corolla Cross, which went on sale last year.

If there ever was a no-brainer choice for a first-time small ute buyer, the Corolla Cross is it. Its functional body style reminds of a mini-me RAV4, which has grown significantly in size and price. And it is a serious fuel miser with EPA estimated ratings of 45/38/42 mpg city, highway, and combined.

Toyota was in the Carlsbad, Calif., area of San Diego County for the first U.S. journalist drives of the 2023 Corolla Cross Hybrid. Journalists had drive time in the three trim levels of the Corolla Cross Hybrid.

Experiencing the range of trim levels with standard all-wheel drive gave me a good first-drive overview. Based on my first taste of the Corolla Cross Hybrid, I’d like to explore it more on an at-home evaluation for a proper review.

The driver area of the Corolla Cross

Entry-level models have an 8-inch touchscreen and smart key access.

Notes From the Test Drive

Toyota calls the Corolla Cross Hybrid’s exterior styling “approachable” with a higher line-of-sight. The sturdy stance disguises the upright interior, with open sightlines across the hood and over the shoulder.

Unique front and rear styling and optional two-tone paint choices visually separate the gas and hybrid models.

Standard all-wheel drive seems unusual, but after the wicked weather this winter and spring, the automatic AWD system could be a lifesaver and high on a buyer’s wish list of features.

Of the three trim levels, the base Corolla Cross Hybrid S is ideal for buyers who can live without a moonroof, power liftgate, two-tone paint, adaptive (turning) headlights, or a potent JBL audio system. The only factory choice is for special paint, a $425 cost.

Among the standard features are two USB-C charge ports and a multimedia audio system. It has all the connectivity features, including wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto. The multimedia system also allows over-the-air updates.

The driver seat has six-way manual adjustment and four-way for the front passenger.

I was more comfortable in the fabric-trimmed seats of the S rather than the sportier fabric seats in the SE. But the Softex-trimmed (synthetic leather) upholstery in the XSE adds heated front seats and a power driver’s seat.

The view from the open front passenger door showing the upholstery and dashboard

Cabin materials show Toyota’s newfound attention to using more refined materials and textures.

The Corolla Cross Hybrid Powertrain

Both models of Corolla Cross have a 2.0-liter Dynamic Force four-cylinder engine and an electronic continuously controlled automatic transmission.

Powertrain similarities end there, however.

The gas Corolla Cross has 169 horsepower with front-drive fuel-economy ratings of 31/33/32 mpg city/highway/combined and 29/32/30 AWD.

Performance from the Corolla Cross Hybrid jumps to 169 hp, which Toyota says makes it capable of launching to 60 mph in 8 seconds. If only its 10.6-gallon tank were larger to stretch the time between fill-ups, but placing the hybrid battery under the back seat took up the space. Still, the range is good at around 450 miles.

The open hood showing the engine

169-hp from the combined power of the engine and hybrid system.

Interior Function

The interior is not flamboyantly designed but has all the right toughness where it is needed. The materials show Toyota’s newfound attention to using more refined materials and textures.

Smart packaging of the Corolla Cross provides tall front headroom and back-seat space for a young family. Back-seat legroom, however, is grade-schooler-tight at 32 inches. Cargo space has square dimensions for friends-helping-friends move into the new condo.

The CVT shifter in the Corolla Cross

The e-CVT with Sport mode and hill-start assist.

Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid Pricing

Expect the 2023 Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid in dealerships this June. It is offered in S, XSE, and XSE trim levels. Starting prices by trim level:

S $29,065;

SE $29,290;

XSE $32,160.

Manufacturer Suggested Retail Pricing includes the $1,095 freight charge from the new Mazda Toyota Manufacturing plant in Huntsville, Ala.

Check here for current pricing and special offers.

An LED headlight of the Corolla Cross

LED headlights are standard on the Corolla Cross Hybrid S and SE models. Adaptive (turning) headlights are a $615 option for the XSE.

Standard Features By Trim Level

The S and SE trim levels have 17-inch alloy wheels, an 8-inch touchscreen, sport-tuned suspension, LED headlamps, and smart key access. The only factory option for the S is optional paint colors, which cost $425.

Moving up to the SE Corolla Cross Hybrid adds privacy glass, roof rails, and paddle shifters. A blind-spot monitor and rear cross-traffic alert add to the standard roster of safety features (highlighted below).

The top-line XSE is the sportiest offering, with such extras as:

  • 18-inch alloy wheels;
  • LED headlamps, taillamps, and fog lamps;
  • Softex-trimmed (synthetic leather) upholstery with heated front seats and a power driver’s seat.
An 18 inch alloy on the topline XSE model.

The XSE has 18-inch alloy wheels with a black-painted machined finish and 225/55 all-season tires.

Warranty Coverage

Toyota’s basic new-vehicle warranty coverage covers 3 years or 36,000 miles bumper to bumper and 5 years or 60,000 miles for the powertrain.

Hybrid-related components that require repairs to correct defects in materials or workmanship are covered for 8 years or 100,000 miles, whichever comes first from the original date of first use when sold as new.

The hybrid battery is covered for 10 years or 150,000 miles, whichever comes first, and is transferable across ownership.

The warranty package includes ToyotaCare, covering factory-scheduled maintenance for two years or 25,000 miles with 2 years of roadside assistance.

Paint Color Choices

The SE and XSE levels of the Corolla Cross Hybrid have special two-tone combinations, $500 each:

  • Sonic Silver with a black roof;
  • Barcelona Red with a black roof;
  • Blue Crush Metallic and black roof, and;
  • Acidic Blast (gold) and black roof. Acidic Blast is a new color.

Standard monochromatic paint colors include:

  • Jet Black Mica;
  • Cypress (forest green);
  • Celestite (sky blue);
  • Wind Chill Pearl (off-white; $425 extra)
a view of the back seat through an open side door

Back-seat legroom is grade-schooler tight at 32 inches.

 Corolla Cross Safety Technologies

Including nine air bags, the Corolla Cross Hybrid has substantial standard safety features, anchored by Toyota Safety Sense 3.0. Among the advanced technologies are:

PCS w/PD — Pre-Collision System with Pedestrian Detection;

DRCC — Dynamic Radar Cruise Control;

LDA w/SA — Lane Departure Alert with Steering Assist;

LTA — Lane Tracing Assist;

LCA — Lane Change Assist;

FCT — Front Cross Traffic Alert;

RSA — Road Sign Assist.

Star Safety System includes:

VSC — Enhanced Vehicle Stability Control;

TRAC — Traction Control;

ABS — Anti-lock Brake System;

EBD — Electronic Brake-force Distribution;

BA — Brake Assist;

SST — Smart Stop Technology;

AHB — Automatic High Beams;

PDA — Proactive Driving Assist.

A rear view of a gold colored Corolla Cross Hybrid

The Corolla Cross Hybrid model has unique front and rear styling, and optional two-tone paint choices, $500 each. AcidicBlast paint color is shown.

Suspension, Steering, Brakes

Suspension: Four-wheel independent with front sport-tuned MacPherson struts with stabilizer bar, coil springs, and hydraulic shock absorbers; Rear, sport-tuned double-wishbone multi-link rear with coil springs, trailing arms, stabilizer bar and hydraulic shock absorbers;

Steering: Electric power-assisted rack-and-pinion;

Brakes: Front ventilated 12-inch diameter rotors; rear solid 11.1-inch rotors.

Wheels and Tires

S and SE: 17-inch silver-colored alloy wheels with 215/65 all-season tire;

XSE: 18-inch alloy wheels with black-painted machined finish with 225/55R all-season tires;

There is a tire-inflation system, no spare tire.

Curb weights

S — 3,395 pounds;

SE — 3,385 pounds;

XSE — 3,430 pounds.

A view of the open cargo area with the tailgate raised

Cargo space of 40.3 cu.ft. behind the back seat. All-weather floor liners (three) are a $179 accessory.

The open cargo space with the back seat folded

Fold the back seat and load it up for friends-helping-friends move into the new condo.

2023 Toyota Corolla Cross Hybrid Specifications

Body style: All-wheel-drive 5-seat, 5-door small SUV

Engine: 150-hp 2.0-liter with direct- and multiport injection; 139 lb.-ft. torque at 4,400 rpm

Transmission: E-CVT with electronic on-demand AWD

Fuel economy: 45/38/42 mpg; 87 octane or higher recommended

Max towing capacity: 1,500 pounds

0-60 mph acceleration: 8 seconds, per Toyota

COROLLA CROSS HYBRID SYSTEM

Electric motor: permanent magnet synchronous; 152 lb.-ft. torque

Battery: 222-volt lithium-ion; 4.08 Ahr

System voltage: DC600V

Combined system power: 196 hp

BY THE NUMBERS

Fuel tank: 10.6 gallons

Cargo space: 40.3 to 61.8 cubic feet

Front head/leg room: 39.5 inches*/42.9 inches

Rear head/leg room: 39.1/32 inches

Length/wheelbase: 176.8/103.9 inches

Turning circle: 35.4 feet

PRICING

Base prices, including the $1,095 freight charge:

S $29,065;

SE $29,290;

XSE $32,160

Where assembled: Huntsville, Ala.

Warranties: 3-years/36,000-miles bumper to bumper; 5-years/60,000-miles powertrain; hybrid components are covered for 8 years or 100,000 miles, and the hybrid battery is covered for 10 years or 150,000 miles.

Included in the warranty package is ToyotaCare, covering factory-scheduled maintenance for two years or 25,000 miles, with 2 years of roadside assistance.