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Lexus NX 450h+ Review

Lexus NX 450h+ Review

On-road recharging of the 2025 Lexus NX 450h+ plug-in hybrid is the missing link between a hybrid and full EV

A front three quarter view of the bold blue 2025 Lexus NX small SUV crossover

The 2025 Lexus NX is available in four powertrains, including two hybrid electric models, in front- or all-wheel drive. Starting prices range from around $42,000 to $64,000 (Photography courtesy of Lexus or as credited)

Jump To Special Features

Lexus NX Overview
What’s New for 2025?
Lexus NX Model Line Pricing
What is California Clean Assist?
NX Safety Features and Technologies
Powertrain and Performance
F Sport Ride and Handling
Interior Function
Why Buy the 2025 Lexus NX 450h PHEV?
Specifications

BY MARK MAYNARD

The on-road recharging function of the 2025 Lexus NX 450h+ plug-in hybrid is the missing link between a hybrid and full EV. Being able to recharge the small hybrid battery while driving elevates this PHEV as a one-vehicle choice for the tentative EV buyer.

The battery-electric driving range is 26 to 37 miles, which provides emissions-free driving. And because this small SUV can charge on the go, it continues to extend the driving range and fuel savings.

It is a functional system that can be used to bank battery power while running on gasoline. When the charge runs out, hit the console switch for Charge Mode. Switch to EV power to save gas when the battery is full again.

Even when driving in EV mode, the gas engine will kick in for strong acceleration or on steep hills.

Charge mode quickly adds miles while driving at interstate speeds and slower while in town. The recharging was so efficient that I did not need to plug in on my home 240-volt charger. However, on-road charging will only boost the battery to an 80 percent charge, so owners might want to plug in overnight for the full 37-mile range.

This recharging mode elevates the common plug-in hybrid to a strong daily commuter, an enviable vacation traveler, a fuel saver, and an emissions conservator. It is that spoonful of sugar that sweetens the $60,000 price tag.

Recharging on the go should be the future tech for all plug-in hybrids. So far, I have tested only a few PHEVs with this capability, including the Mazda CX-90 and McLaren Artura.

Looking over the driver seat at the red sport interior

It is easy to get comfortable in the NX driver space. A red interior is a no-cost choice.

2025 Lexus NX Overview

The Lexus NX is a compact-class, five-seat, five-door SUV crossover. It was fully redesigned from the inside out in 2022.

In the Lexus SUV lineup, the compact NX — “Nimble Crossover” — fits between the subcompact UX and the mid-size RX. You might not know by looking at it, but the Lexus NX shares a platform with the Toyota RAV4. The rakishly stylish NX has the same powertrain options and uses the same 105.9-inch wheelbase. The NX is about 2 ½ inches longer and less than a half-inch wider (due to body styling). And the NX roofline is about an inch lower than the RAV4. Still, the NX feels like a smaller compact than the RAV4.

Though nimble to drive, the NX is hampered by wide turning circles of 38 to 40 feet. And the span might be wider on the taller 20-inch tires of the F Sport models.

Comparable small SUVs to the Lexus NX include the Audi Q3, BMW X1, Mercedes-Benz GLA, and Volvo XC40.

The optional wireless charging pad is on a sliding shelf with small storage below.

The wireless charging pad is on a sliding shelf with small storage below.

What’s New for 2025?

For the 2025 model year, the NX line has just minor changes. Two new color options are available: Copper Crest (exterior) and Macadamia (interior, Luxury grade only). Inside, two USB Type-C ports are now included in the front console, and a wireless charger is available on all trim levels. Intuitive Parking Assist with Automatic Braking, Auto Rain Sensing Wipers, and a power liftgate are now standard.

Over-the-air updates offer real-time updates for mapping and media.

Looking rearward through the panoramic glass roof, a $1,600 option in the NX

The optional panoramic glass roof, $1,600, outclasses the small $1,100 power tilt-and-slide moonroof.

2025 Lexus NX Model Line Pricing

The 2025 Lexus NX is available in four powertrains, including two hybrid electric models. The starting prices listed below include the $1,175 freight charge from Miyawaka, Japan. All models are front- or all-wheel drive.

NX 250 FWD/AWD $42,140/$43,740

The 203-hp NX 250 has a naturally aspirated 2.5-liter four-cylinder engine with an eight-speed automatic transmission.

0-60 mph acceleration: 8.2 seconds (FWD), 8.6 seconds (AWD);

EPA-estimated fuel economy: FWD, 26/33/28 mpg city/hwy/combined; AWD 25/32/28. Regular unleaded fuel is recommended.

NX 350 AWD $45,900; NX 350 Premium AWD $47,825

The NX 350 gets a power boost from a turbocharged 2.4-liter four-cylinder with 275 hp and eight-speed transmission.

0-60 mph acceleration: 6.6 seconds;

EPA-estimated fuel economy: 21/28/24 mpg city/hwy/combined/ Premium fuel is recommended.

NX 350h AWD $46,600

The gasoline-electric hybrid NX 350h has a 240-hp 2.5-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine and electronic continuously variable automatic transmission. The hybrid system comprises two high-torque electric drive motor generators and a lithium-ion battery pack.

Motor generator 1 starts the engine and charges the hybrid battery.

Motor generator 2 (134-hp) drives the front wheels and provides regeneration during braking.

Rear motor generator (40 hp) drives the rear wheels when tire slippage is detected.

0-60 mph acceleration: 7.2 seconds

EPA-estimated fuel economy: 431/37/39 mpg/city/hwy; premium fuel is recommended.

NX 450h+ AWD PHEV $62,415

The NX 450h+ plug-in hybrid has an EPA-estimated 37-mile range on electric power only. The combined electric and gas-engine driving range is up to 550 miles. The hybrid system with a high-capacity lithium-ion battery is engineered for faster charging times. The system also reduces power loss when converting from AC to DC power. A full charge on a Level 2 240-volt home or public system takes around three hours. A three-prong 7 kW onboard charging cable is standard for use in a household plug.

Electronic AWD optimizes front and rear torque distribution according to the driving conditions.

0-60 mph acceleration: 6 seconds;

EPA-estimated fuel economy: 36 mpg combined, 84 mpg-e; premium fuel is recommended.

NX 450h+ F Sport Handling AWD $63,505

F Sport performance attributes include Active Variable Suspension (AVS), and front and rear performance dampers. There is no power boost, but performance can be manipulated by driving modes of Normal, Eco, EV, Sport, and Sport S+.

Exclusive F Sport features include:

  • Dark Graphite Aluminum ornamentation;
  • A unique performance gauge array;
  • Bolstered sport seats, sport steering wheel, aluminum pedals, and F Sport scuff plates.
  • Perforated interior upholstery is available in no-cost colors of black or Circuit Red NuLuxe. Sport-inspired elements and stitching enhance the appearance of seats, steering wheel, and center console.

The exterior is set off by 20-inch black alloy wheels framed by color-key over-fenders. The vehicle is also topped with black roof rails and window surrounds.

Find current Lexus NX pricing here.

Check here for current Lexus NX offers

Today’s featured NX is the top-line 450h+ F Sport Handling AWD. As tested, it cost $66,419. Among the tester’s extras are:

  • Ultrasonic Blue Mica paint $595.
  • Panoramic view color monitor, $1,070, but the package includes lane-change assist and front cross-traffic alert.
  • Wireless phone charging pad and digital key (with a 3-year trial remote connect subscription) $450. (But why is a wireless charging pad an upsell on a $60K vehicle?)
Looking at the driver side electric door release lever in the armrest

The electric door-release push lever. There also is manual lever below in case the battery dies.

Lexus New Vehicle Warranties

The Lexus NX (and all Lexus models) have warranty coverage of 4 years or 50,000 miles bumper to bumper. No-cost first and second scheduled maintenance services include a free loaner vehicle and a carwash.

Hybrid-related components that require repairs to correct defects in materials or assembly are covered for 8 years or 100,000 miles.

The hybrid battery is covered for 10 years or 150,000 miles and is transferable across ownership.

The charge door on the right rear quarter panel with the cable connected

A full charge on a Level 2 240-volt home or public system takes around three hours.

What is California Clean Assist?

Lexus and Toyota offer a special Clean Assist program for California plug-in hybrid owners. Eligible Toyota Group vehicles include the Lexus NX 450h+ and Lexus RZ BEV, Toyota Prius Plug-in, Prius Prime, or RAV4 Prime.

The program allows owners of plug-in hybrid models to offset their vehicle charging with 100 percent renewable energy. The automaker matches the electricity used to charge your plug-in or battery-electric vehicle through Renewable Energy Certificates.

Lexus will match the electricity used to charge your plug-in NX with renewable electricity to make your vehicle’s charging free of CO2 emissions.

If applicable, Lexus reports the total amount of your clean energy to state and local regulatory boards. The credits for Low Carbon Fuel Standard help promote and educate EV adoption.

Owners with a registered Lexus account can enroll in the program using the Lexus app. Tap the Clean Assist card to “Enroll Now.”

Learn more about Clean Assist here.

Looking at the 302-hp gas-electric hybrid powertrain in the Lexus NX

The 302-hp gas-electric hybrid powertrain. (Mark Maynard)

Powertrain and Performance

The gas-electric hybridization is a parallel system with a gas engine, high-voltage lithium-ion battery, and three permanent magnet electric motors. The 2.5-liter four-cylinder engine brings 181 horsepower, which jumps to 302 hp from the motors and battery.

That’s responsive power for a small SUV weighing 4,475 pounds. On average, my fuel economy was around 33 mpg, but the reward is extending battery driving.

The F Sport has drive modes of Eco, Normal, EV, Sport, and Sport S+. I drove in Eco for most of the week before I switched up. Eco is fine for in-town driving to max fuel economy. Sport is much more engaging, though.

Regenerative braking captures heat from braking and pipes it back to the battery pack. The large, ventilated four-wheel disc brakes have rewarding force without grab or dive. Lexus was not timid in providing braking force. The four-wheel ventilated brakes have 12.9-inch rotors at the front and 12.5 inches rear.

Triple beam LED headlights with washers and cornering lamps.

Triple beam LED headlights with washers and cornering lamps.

NX Safety Technologies

In addition to eight air bags and large four-wheel disc brakes, the NX has received multiple safety ratings. So far, the accolades include:

  • Five stars from the Euro NCAP;
  • Top Safety Pick+ from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety;
  • NHTSA awarded four out of five stars in its frontal crash test and five stars in the side crash test.

I especially enjoyed and took advantage of the standard Lexus Safety System+ 3.0 driver-assistance features. (Full details are in the specs box at the end of the review.)

Typically, I only use the All-Speed Dynamic Radar Cruise Control on the highway. In this test week, I engaged DRCC in town at 25 mph, and the system almost worked as one-pedal driving. Radar and cameras watch the road ahead to maintain the preset speed and distance from vehicles ahead. The system will automatically slow or stop if the NX gets closer than the preset distance. When the road ahead clears, the vehicle returns to its preset speed.

There is a lot to explore among the sophisticated technologies of the Lexus NX.

Lexus NX F Sport features include aluminum pedals.

Lexus NX F Sport features include robust aluminum pedals.

F Sport Ride and Handling

The F Sport model has the hotted-up appearance of the urban street fighter. Except for the adaptive suspension, it’s mostly cosmetic, but the treatment spans from good to horrible. Built on Toyota’s TNGA-K platform, the NX chassis is solid and ideal for a performance suspension.

The adaptive setup is an eager partner for sporty driving, if that is your intent. But it can be tiring on every drive.

On chunky road surfaces, the suspension instantly stiffens with jarring jolts. Along twisting country roads with undulations and crumbly portions, the suspension continually adjusts and can feel unsettled.

It is a noisy ride, too. No matter how high I crank the 17-speaker Mark Levinson surround sound system, it is not enough to silence the wind and road noise. There must not be much soundproofing between the firewall and cabin, which is why I always tried to run on battery power.

The noisy ride might be from the Bridgestone Alenza run-flat tires. The tires have soft compounding (a 300 treadwear rating), which is good for performance adhesion. However, according to user reviews at TireRack.com , these tires were worn to the treadwear bars between 7,800 to 8,500 miles. Replacements will run around $385 each, not including installation, etc.

The Lexus Spindle Grille is a brand-defining style feature.

The Lexus Spindle Grille is a brand-defining style feature.

Interior Function

It is easy to get comfortable in the NX driver space, but headroom might be an issue for the big and tall. The NX is, after all, a compact. Front headroom of 38.3 inches is acceptable for most, with long legroom of 41 inches.

Drivers of shorter stature will appreciate how far forward the power seats can move.

The optional wireless charging pad is a smart design. It sits on a sliding shelf that will fit large phones and is adjacent to the USB charging ports. The clever part is that the shelf can slide forward to reveal small storage below.

There also is usable stash space in the door panels and a locking glove box.

I liked the multiview camera system, showing front, rear, and an overhead view to show how badly I parked. And all doors have a locking sensor, which is a big plus for me. It saves a second or two from having to unlock the front doors to get into the back. Seconds matter when loading children.

The NX back seat is reasonably comfortable with a couple notches of recline.

The NX back seat is reasonably comfortable with a couple notches of recline. (Mark Maynard)

Back Seat and Cargo Space

The 60/40 split bench is reasonably comfortable with a couple of notches of recline. Headroom is good at 37.1 inches. Legroom sounds good at 36.1 inches unless Uncle Long John is seated ahead.

Foot space getting in and out is tight for adults.

Back seat amenities include the fold-down armrest with can holders. There are grab handles with jack hooks above each door, two charging USBs, and a 12-volt plug.

The open cargo area with the 60/40 back seat folded

Fold the back seat for about 6 feet in length.

Cargo Space

Cargo space is functional at 22.7 cubic feet, stacking gear to the ceiling. The tailgate entry is a broad 39 inches with about 29 inches from floor to headliner. Fold the back seat for 6 feet in length, with the front seat powered forward.

Under-cargo storage has divided portions to carry the charging cable, next to the 12-volt battery. Access to the battery is convenient for the occasional jump start.

There is cargo underfloor storage for the charging cable and the folded cargo cover when not in use

Tidy underfloor storage for the charging cable, and easy access to the 12-volt battery. (Mark Maynard)

Why Buy the 2025 Lexus NX 450h PHEV?

The 2025 Lexus NX plug-in hybrid is appealing as an all-around SUV crossover. Its small size makes for an ideal navigator in congested urban centers. AWD is a plus. With the NX vault of safety features, parents can feel secure in rewarding their graduates with any level of NX.

Amping up the performance for the F Sport might be overkill. The NX is better as an electrified choice than a performance vehicle.

I am a proponent of a plug-in that can be recharged while driving. But at what cost? There is a $15,815 starting price separation between the NX 450h+ PHEV and the hybrid NX 350h AWD. Is there enough green value to the NX plug-in pricing, or will buyers bank the price difference for gasoline?

Let me know which model you would buy and why. Email me at MarkMaynard@cox.net.

A rear three quarter view of the Lexus NX

You might not know by looking at it, but the Lexus NX shares a platform with the Toyota RAV4.

2025 Lexus NX 450h Specifications

Body style: compact 5-seat, 5-door SUV crossover with full-time all-weather drive (AWD)

Engine: 181 hp A25A-FXS 2.5 liter in-line 4-cylinder with D4S port and direct fuel injection;

Hybrid power system: Series parallel system with gas engine, high-voltage battery, and electric motors; Permanent magnet motors

Total system power: 302 hp

Motor generator 1: Generator, engine starter, charges hybrid battery

Motor generator 2: Drives front wheels, regeneration during braking

Rear motor generator: Drives rear wheels, regeneration during braking

Battery: 355.2-volt lithium-ion

Transmission: E-CVT with electronic all- or front-wheel-drive control

Plug-in Hybrid fuel economy: 36 mpg combined city/hwy; 84 mpg-e fuel-economy equivalent; premium fuel required

Battery driving range: up to 37 miles

Total driving range: 550 miles electric and gas

Coefficient of drag: 0.37 Cd with 20-inch wheels

60 mph acceleration: 6 seconds; top track speed 124 mph

Charging: 12 hours to charge using a 120-volt outlet or about 2.5 hours using a 240-volt outlet.

BY THE NUMBERS

Towing capacity: 2,000 pounds

Fuel tank: 14.5 gallons

Cargo space: 22.7/46.9 cubic feet

Front head/leg room: 38.3*/41 inches *w/sunroof

Rear head/leg room: 37.1/36.1 inches

Length/wheelbase: 183.5/105.9 inches

Width/height: 73.4/65.8 inches

Track width, f/r: 63.2/64.0 inches

Curb weight: 4,475 pounds

Turning circle: 40 feet

SAFETY TECHNOLOGIES

The standard Lexus Safety System+ 3.0 includes:

Pre-Collision System with Pedestrian Detection. Using a camera and millimeter-wave radar, the pre-collision system can help detect and alert to a vehicle, pedestrian, or cyclist. If the driver does not react, the system can use automatic emergency braking between 7 and 110 mph.

Left Turn Oncoming Vehicle Detection/Braking. If turning left in front of an oncoming vehicle, the system will issue a warning alert followed by automatic braking, which is functional during daylight hours.

Risk Avoidance Emergency Steer Assist. Emergency maneuvers get an additional steering boost to prevent lane departure. The assistance functions between 25-50 mph, and the relative speed to the detected object is between 25-50 mph.

Emergency Driving Stop System. If the system detects no driver input for a time, audible warnings will alert the driver. If the driver does not respond, the system will slow the vehicle to a stop, keeping it safely in the lane. EDSS only operates when driving on expressways with DRCC and LTA activated.

Lane Departure Alert with Steering Assist. Functional above 32 mph, LDA w/SA will issue audible and visual alerts if an inadvertent lane departure is detected. If the driver does not take corrective action, the system will initiate gentle corrective steering for lane-keeping assistance.

Proactive Driving Assist. Using a camera and radar, PDA monitors distance control between a preceding vehicle, pedestrian, or bicyclist. The system will engage gentle braking and steering into curves as needed.

Road Sign Assist. A camera detects speed limit signs, stop signs, Do Not Enter signs, yield signs, and certain warning signs. A signage icon is displayed in the driver gauge array and head-up display.

All-Speed Dynamic Radar Cruise Control. Radar and cameras work to maintain the preset speed and distance from vehicles ahead. If the car gets closer than the preset distance, the system will automatically slow or stop it. When the road ahead clears, the vehicle returns to its preset speed.

Lane Tracing Assist. When Dynamic Radar Cruise Control is enabled, LTA uses the lines on the road and preceding vehicles for active driving assistance. The system will help keep the vehicle centered in its lane.

CHASSIS COMPONENTS

Brakes: 4-wheel ventilated discs; front, 12.9-inch rotors; rear rotors, 12.48 inches; 4-channel, 4-sensor ABS

Steering: Electric power-assisted; 40-foot turning circle

Tires-wheels: run-flat Bridgestone Alenza 235/50R20 standard; UTQG 300

Suspension: front, MacPherson strut type; rear, trailing arm type double-wishbone

PRICING

Base price: $63,505, including $1,175 freight charge; price as tested $66,419

Options on test vehicle: premium Ultrasonic Blue Mica paint, $595; panoramic view monitor with lane-change assist and front traffic alert, $1,070; wireless phone charging and digital key, $450; activity mount (trailer hitch), $390; illuminated cargo sills, $300; rear and side door puddle lamps, $325; illuminated door sills, $460; cargo mat, net, and key glove, $240; wheel locks $95;

Where assembled: Miyawaka, Fukuoka, Japan

Warranties:

  • Bumper to bumper, 4-years/50,000-miles for all components other than normal wear and maintenance items; wheel alignment and balancing are covered for 12 months or 12,000 miles;
  • Hybrid system: 8-years/100,000-miles for Hybrid control module, Hybrid battery control module, Hybrid battery, and inverter with converter;
  • Powertrain, 6 years/70,000 miles, covering engine, transmission and transaxle, front-wheel-drive system, and rear-wheel drive.

 

Curtiss Condor Bomber and Civilian Condor

Curtiss Condor Bomber and Civilian Condor
A 1929 black and white photo of a Curtis Condor bomber

This original photo of the Curtiss Condor B-2 bomber was taken at the Curtiss Aerospace development plant in Garden City, N.Y. The image is dated Aug. 14, 1929. (Photo from the Paul S. Maynard archive)

The Curtiss Condor B-2 bomber became known as a ‘Flying Battleship’

BY MARK MAYNARD

Long before the current-generation B2 Spirit “Stealth Bomber” by Northrop Grumman there was the Curtiss Condor B-2 bomber built for the U.S. Army.

It was an enormous fabric-covered biplane aircraft with a wingspan of 90 feet and a length of 47 feet 4 inches. With its armaments, it became known as a “Flying Battleship,” but its use was short-lived.

According to its page in Wikipedia, the B-2 Condor’s two engines sat in nacelles between the wings, flanking the fuselage. It had a twin set of rudders on a twin tail, a configuration that was becoming obsolete by that time. At the rear of each nacelle was a gunner position. And there was another gunner in the nose.

As a twin-engine heavy bomber, the B-2 Condor was powered by two 650-horsepower Curtiss GV-1570-7 Conqueror V-12 water-cooled piston engines.

In a report by Joe Baugher (Encyclopedia of American Aircraft), the engines were housed inside nacelles mounted on top of the lower wing. “The engines were cooled by rather angular radiators that jutted up vertically from each nacelle.

“One of the more unusual innovations introduced by the [second prototype] XB-2 was the addition of a defensive gunner position in the rear of each nacelle. It was hoped that this arrangement would offer a clearer field of fire for the gunners than the more conventional fuselage-situated positions. An additional gunner position was provided in the nose. Each position was provided with a pair of Lewis .30-06 machine guns.”

According to the Baugher report, the Condor’s bombload was typically 2,508 pounds but could be increased to 4,000 pounds on short flights.

Curtiss Condor Competitors

The Curtiss Condor B-2 competed against the Keystone XB-1B, the Keystone XLB-6, the Sikorsky S-37B, and the Atlantic-Fokker XLB-2, according to the Baugher report.

“When an Army board of review met in February of 1928 to decide which design was to be awarded a contract, they immediately ruled out the XB-1B, the XLB-2, and the S-37. However, the board was unable to decide between the XB-2 and the XLB-6. The XB-2 had the better performance, but the XLB-6 was only $24,750 per unit.

“The per-unit cost of the B-2 was $76,373, more than three times the cost of a Keystone bomber. In a split decision, the Board opted for the Keystone design, but on June 23, 1928, Curtiss was given a contract for two B-2s (Serial nos. 28-398/399). A further 10 were ordered in 1929 (29-28/37).

“The twelve production B-2s were delivered from May 1929 to January 1930. Notable differences from the XB-2 included the use of three-bladed propellers and somewhat shorter and wider radiators mounted on top of the engine nacelles.

At sea level, the Curtiss Condor had a maximum speed of 132 mph — though many reports say it struggled to reach that max V — and 128 mph at 5,000 feet. The plane had a cruising speed of 105.5 mph and a cruising range of 805 miles.

End of the Condor Line

During the early 1930s, the advances in bomber design were so rapid that canvas-covered biplanes such as the B-2 rapidly became obsolete, Baugher wrote.

“Consequently, the B-2 served only briefly with the Army, being taken out of service in 1934. The last B-2 was surveyed in July of 1936. So far as I am aware, none survives today.”

After production of the B-2, Curtiss Aircraft left the bomber business, concentrating on the Hawk series of pursuit aircraft in the 1930s.

A 1929 black and white photo of a civilian version of the Curtis Condor bomber

The civilian version of the Curtiss Condor, circa 1944,  was the first airliner in the world to provide sleeping berths. (Photo from the Paul S. Maynard archive)

The Civilian Curtiss Condor

The Model 53 was an airliner version of the Model 52 Condor B-2 bomber. The Condor was the first airliner in the world to provide sleeping berths.

The Army permitted this development in 1928, and the first of the new aircraft made its maiden flight in June 1929. The civilian B-2 was an 18-seat passenger aircraft called the Condor 18 (also known as the Condor T32), according to HistoryOfWar.org.

At the time, there was a need for sleeper-transports, and the simplicity of design allowed for quick production and delivery to serve this market, according to HistoryOfWar. The Curtiss Condor could carry 12 passengers as a sleeper-transport or 15 passengers for day transport.

Luxury Cabin Accommodations

The Condor was the first multi-engine airliner with an electrically operated retractable landing gear. To help absorb vibration, the Condor was the first to have its engines mounted on rubber bushings.

The passenger cabin was appointed in fabric and leather, and each seat had individual hot and cold air vents.

The lavatory featured a basin with hot and cold running water, a mirror, and a vanity. However, the Condor remained in airline service for only three years, making it the last biplane purchased for civil transport.

Only a short time afterward, the all-metal airliners, the Boeing 247 and Douglas DC-1, made their debut in 1933. The only competing factor that the Condor had with the modern airplanes was that it had retractable landing gear.

Two 710 hp Wright SCR-1820-F3 Cyclone, 9-cylinder radial engines powered the passenger Condor.

Condor Flight History

The first civilian Condor converted from a military Model 52, flew for the first time on July 21, 1929. Including the prototype, six were built. Of these, the first three were converted from bomber model 52s. They operated with TAT and Eastern Air Line, though only for about a year. The Conqueror’s development was never quite completed, and in 1932 the US Army, after spending large sums on it, withdrew support and turned to air-cooled engines.

CURTISS B-2 CONDOR SPECIFICATIONS

Twin-engine heavy bomber biplane. Initial production version; 12 built.

Crew: 5; two wing gunners, the nose gunner, pilot, and co-pilot.

Length: 47 feet 4 inches

Wingspan: 90 feet

Empty weight: 9,300 pounds

Gross weight: 16,951 pounds

Powerplant: 2 × Curtiss GV-1570-7 Conqueror V-12 water-cooled piston engine, 600 hp each

PERFORMANCE

Maximum speed: 132 mph

Cruising speed: 105.5 mph

Range: 805 miles

Service ceiling: 17,100 feet

Rate of climb: 850 feet/minute

ARMAMENT

Guns: 6 .30-06 caliber Lewis machine-guns

Bombload: 2,508 pounds

Note: This is another image from my dad, Paul Smith Maynard, who worked four decades in aviation as an engineer. Dad began his career in about 1943 after graduating from West Virginia University. He started with Curtiss-Wright Corp., a pioneer in making flying machines. He went on to work at North American Aviation and Rockwell International.

See more of his vintage plane pics here.

 

Veterans Day Military Appreciation

Veterans Day Military Appreciation
Print advertisement of GM's contributions to
“An Arsenal of Democracy.” Between 1942 and 1945.

Print advertisement of GM’s contributions to “An Arsenal of Democracy.” Between 1942 and 1945. (GM PR image)

BY MARK MAYNARD

As World War II began in 1939, Chevrolet and General Motors answered President Roosevelt’s call to build “An Arsenal of Democracy.”

Between 1942 and 1945, Chevrolet manufactured 60,000 Pratt & Whitney bomber and cargo plane engines; 500,000 trucks; 8 million artillery shells; 3,000 90mm cannon barrels; 1 million tons of aluminum forgings; 1 million tons of grey iron castings; 2,850 tons of magnesium forgings; and 3,800 T-17 Staghound armored scout cars.

During the war, GMC showcased its amphibious military “Ducks” in popular magazines of the day, and encouraged patriotic readers to “invest in victory” and buy war bonds and stamps.

From 1942 to 1945, sales of vehicles to civilians all but ended as manufacturing resources were redirected toward the war effort.

U.S. prepares for 1940 “Arsenal of Democracy”

U.S. prepares for 1940 “Arsenal of Democracy”

A Veterans Day tribute in vintage photography of General Motors’ support for “The great arsenal of democracy”

Tanks being assembled in a GM factory to support the U.S. war effort

During WWII, General Motors converted all of its plant facilities to support the “Arsenal of Democracy.” (Photos courtesy of GM)

BY MARK MAYNARD

It was Dec. 29, 1940, when U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt warned of the impending wartime threat to national security. In a radio broadcast, he galvanized the country when he used the term “Arsenal of Democracy” and urged preparations.

According to Wikipedia, it was nearly a year before the United States entered the Second World War (1939-1945.) Nevertheless, Roosevelt’s address was a call to arms for supporting the Allies in Europe in total war against Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan.

The Allied War Effort

“The great arsenal of democracy” came to specifically refer to the industry of the U.S. as the primary supplier of material for the Allied war effort.

A 1943 photo of a GMC Duck used in WWII

GMC delivered its first “Ducks” to the U.S. Army in 1943. A unique central tire inflation system allowed the driver to adjust tire pressure from inside the cab.

Roosevelt promised help to the United Kingdom to fight Nazi Germany. The U.S. would sell the U.K. military supplies while the United States stayed out of the actual fighting. The president announced that intent a year before the attack on Pearl Harbor (Dec. 7, 1941), when Germany had occupied much of Europe and threatened Britain.

A vast parking area of completed GMC Ducks

Completed military “Ducks” and trucks built by GMC await deployment. In 1944, GMC received the Army-Navy “E” Award for Excellence in the war effort. The U.S. Army considered the GMC 2½-ton 6x6s the best trucks in service and the GMC Duck the most outstanding of new ordnance weapons.

GMC Ducks on the assembly line in 1943

GMC built these military “Ducks” at its Truck & Coach Division plant in Pontiac, Mich. After the war, surviving vehicles were used for military training and others landed in the tourism industry.

The arsenal for support came from more than 40 U.S. industries. Among the transportation manufacturers were:

  • General Motors: trucks, tanks, and aircraft parts
  • Ford Motor Co.: trucks and aircraft
  • Chrysler: tanks, electronics, and trucks
  • Packard: aircraft engines
  • Nash-Kelvinator: parts
  • Studebaker: trucks
  • Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co.: tires
  • International Harvester: trucks
  • Convair (San Diego-based): aircraft
  • Caterpillar Inc.: tanks
  • Allis-Chalmers: parts

A GMC magazine ad showcased its amphibious military “Ducks”

During WWII, GMC showcased its amphibious military “Ducks” in popular magazines of the day. The campaign encouraged patriotic readers to “invest in victory” and buy war bonds and stamps. From 1942 to 1945, sales of vehicles to civilians all but ended as manufacturing was redirected toward the war effort.

GM Wartime Support

On this Veterans Day, Nov. 11, 2021, I found these General Motors’ wartime photos.

GM has supported the U.S. military since 1917 when 90 percent of its truck production went toward WWI manufacturing. During WWII, GM converted all of its plant facilities to support the “Arsenal of Democracy.”

GM claims to have produced more U.S. military vehicles than any manufacturer in history.

Between 1942 and 1945, GM’s Chevrolet division manufactured:

  • 60,000 Pratt & Whitney bomber and cargo plane engines;
  • 500,000 trucks;
  • 8 million artillery shells;
  • 3,000 90mm cannon barrels;
  • 1 million tons of aluminum forgings;
  • 1 million tons of gray-iron castings;
  • 2,850 tons of magnesium forgings, and;
  • 3,800 T-17 Staghound armored scout cars.

Kia K4 Review

Kia K4 Review

The 2025 Kia K4 is a decisive stab into the heart of the compact-sedan segment

The 2025 Kia Kr sedan in an attractive sage green being driven on a city street

The 2025 Kia K4 compact sedan has starting prices of $23,165 to $29,265 for the GT-Line Turbo, the sportiest K4 to date. (Photography courtesy of Kia or as credited)

Jump To Special Features

Disruptor Design
2025 Kia K4 Pricing
Turbo Performance
Observations and Considerations
Interior Tech
Why Buy the 2025 Kia K4?
Specifications

BY MARK MAYNARD

The 2025 Kia K4 compact is a new nameplate backed by four generations of family ties. The ancestry of this small sedan goes back to its great, great, great grandparent, the Kia Sephia. It was the brand’s first automotive export to the U.S. from South Korea.

The fledgling Sephia was cheap — and not just inexpensive. The 1994 Kia Sephia was a $10,000 econobox advertised to be used, abused, and thrown out after the warranty expired. Back then, Kia’s new-vehicle warranty was 3-year/36,000-mile. Today, the warranty is 5 years/60,000 miles and 10 years/100,000 miles for powertrain coverage.

Four years later, Sephia — derived from the Greek “sapphire” — was redesigned for a short-lived second generation. It was replaced in 2000 and renamed Spectra, which would be redesigned and renamed Kia Forte.

Fourteen years and three generations later, the Forte was retired in 2024 and replaced by the K4. The alphanumeric nameplate now aligns with Kia’s passenger car nomenclature.

It’s such a long and winding road for such a small but significant car for Kia. Each generation builds upon the predecessor for the most dynamically styled and equipped fourth-generation 2025 K4. And a five-door hatchback is coming in late 2025.

Looking at the K4 front seat area from the back seat

The K4 has comfortable shoulder room and an open-air environment.

The K4’s Disruptor Design

Among the K4 competitors are the Honda Civic, Mazda3, Toyota Corolla, and VW Jetta. It is evident that Kia benchmarked the Civic and went just a bit farther in developing the K4. The Honda Civic was the bestselling compact car in 2024, with around 242,000 cars sold. Annual sales of the 2024 Kia Forte totaled 106,050.

Kia says the K4 is the widest in the compact sedan segment and has the largest footprint. Its overall body design is distinct, with sleek aerodynamics. It is a breakaway design from the typical sedan body style. It shares its styling influence with the upcoming Kia EV4 battery-electric.

The K4 sedan has an overall length of 185.4 inches and is 72.8 inches wide. Front headroom is SUV tall at 39 inches without a sunroof or 37.3 inches with. Rear passengers have a class-leading 38 inches of legroom. Trunk space of 14.6 cubic feet is surpassed only by the Honda Civic at 14.8 cu.ft.

“By juxtaposing the K4’s fastback roofline and wide stance, we split the difference visually between the compact and midsize segments,” said Tom Kearns, chief designer, Kia Design Center America.

Exterior design elements include:

Vertically oriented LED headlights and taillights. The treatment is taken from the flagship EV9, re-creating sharp edges and bold lighting designs front and rear.

Hidden rear door handles in the C-pillar. The stealth handle placement is intended to emphasize the K4’s fastback proportions and its swept-back stance.

Rear sail panel. The K4’s rear quarter panel rises above the beltline to create a flying buttress (sail panel) treatment at the roofline. The sail panel’s angle meets the roof’s fastback slope for a contiguous style statement.

The K4 has a hidden rear door handle in the C-pillar.

The hidden rear door handle in the C-pillar.

2025 Kia K4 Pricing

The 2025 Kia K4 compact sedan is sold in five trim levels, with two four-cylinder engine choices and two transmissions. All trim levels are front-wheel drive, with no all-wheel-drive option. The suggested retail pricing below includes the $1,175 freight charge from Pesqueria, Mexico.

The K4 LX, LXS, EX, and GT-Line, with a base powertrain of a 147-horsepower 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine and CVT, start at $23,165 to $26,365. The GT-Line Turbo starts at $29,265.

Find current Kia K4 pricing here.

And check for special offers and incentives here.

The base K4 LX is well equipped with such features as:

  • 12.3-inch touchscreen infotainment screen with Kia Connect and satellite radio
  • Wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto
  • Smart Key with push-button start
  • 4 USB-C charging ports
  • Cloth seat upholstery
  • Bluetooth wireless phone and music with multi-device connectivity
  • Electric parking brake with auto-hold
  • Heated side mirrors
  • Rearview monitor

The K4 has Vertically oriented Cube Projection LED headlights.

Vertically oriented Cube Projection LED headlights.

K4 GT-Line

Moving up to the K4 GT-line ($26,365) gives the look of the GT-line Turbo without the power. GT-Line features include:

  • GT-Line sport steering wheel with paddle shifters
  • Multilink rear suspension
  • Unique exterior and interior design
  • Black treatment to side mirrors, window surround, wheel moldings
  • 1-inch larger rear disc brake rotors
  • 18-inch alloy wheels with black machined finish
  • GT-Line interior features include:
  • SynTex and cloth seat upholstery
  • Heated front seats
  • 10-Way power driver’s seat with two-way power lumbar
  • Wireless Phone Charger

Kia K4 GT-Line Turbo

The Kia K4 GT-Line Turbo ($29,265) is the sportiest K4 to date. It ups performance with a 190-hp, turbocharged 1.6-liter four-cylinder engine and eight-speed automatic transmission. Other K4 GT-Line Turbo upgrades include:

  • 1-inch larger front and rear disc brakes. (16-inch ventilated front rotors, 15-inch solid rear rotors)
  • Multilink rear suspension
  • LED Cube Projection Headlights, LED Tail Lights, and LED Fog Lights
  • Wide sunroof with power sunshade
  • SynTex upholstery with heated front seats
  • Alloy sport pedals
  • 8-speaker Harman Kardon audio system

Today’s Kia K4 GT-Line Turbo tester costs $32,155, with options for Snow White Pearl paint, $395, and red interior package, $295. That’s a head-turning option for the handsome red on seats, portions of the steering wheel, and door panels.

Another worthwhile option on the tester is the GT-Line Turbo Technology Package, $2,200. It completes the driver-assist technologies for Level 2 semi-autonomous driving. The package includes:

  • FCA Fusion+ for Forward Collision-Avoidance Assist
  • Parking Distance Warning — front, rear, and side
  • Blind-spot view monitor (shown in the garage array in the dials for speed and rpms when signaling left or right)
  • Two memory presets for driver seat and side mirrors
  • Ventilated front seats
  • Multicolor ambient lighting
  • Smartphone Digital Key 2.0

The K4 gauge display has large graphics that aid at-a-glance views.

Large graphics help with at-a-glance views.

K4 Safety Features and Technologies

All K4 models have eight airbags, including standard rear side airbags. Standard driver-assist technologies include:

  • Auto Emergency Braking Technology w/ Pedestrian & Cyclist Detection
  • Intelligent Speed Limit Assist
  • Smart Cruise Control with stop-and-go
  • Lane keeping and following technologies
  • High beam assist

The GT-Line Turbo’s 190-hp, turbocharged 1.6-liter 4-cylinder.

The GT-Line Turbo’s 190-hp, turbocharged 1.6-liter 4-cylinder.

2024 Kia K4 Powertrains

Base K4 models have a 147-horsepower Atkinson-cycle 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine with multi-point injection. The transmission is an Intelligent Variable Transmission (CVT) that simulates eight speeds.

The entry LX’s fuel-sipping mileage estimates are 30/40/34 mpg, dropping a blink to 29/39/33 mpg for the better-equipped EX and GT-Line.

The GT-Line Turbo has a 190-hp turbocharged 1.6-liter four-cylinder engine with a conventional (stepped) eight-speed automatic transmission.

GT-Line Turbo mileage estimates are 29/36/29 mpg using the recommended 87 octane fuel. In my 200-mile test week, I saw city fuel economy in the high 20s. I worked up to 38.7 mpg on the highway, which might have crept higher on longer commutes. Some owners have reported highway mileage of 48.3 mpg.

At 36 mpg highway, the daily commuter could expect a range of nearly 500 miles from the 12.4-gallon tank.

The 18-inch K4 tire and black wheels

18-inch Kumho Majesty grand touring tires with black machined finish wheels.

GT-Line Turbo Performance

The Turbo motor purrs at idle and never sounds harsh at highway speeds.

Driving in Normal power mode is focused on fuel economy with dutiful acceleration. Once I figured out that driving in Sport mode did not greatly impact my fuel economy, I never looked back. Sport sharpens throttle uptake for quicker starts from a stop.

At 70 mph, the Turbo engine spins at a reasonable 2,000 rpm. Cruising at 65 mph, the rpms are at a lanky 1,800 rpm, benefiting fuel economy.

The GT-Line Turbo performance does not provoke red-mist hooliganism. However, the car is well set up for enthusiastic driving. It puts its nose to the road to pull capably through fun cornering.

While there are paddle shifters, I did not feel the need to play Ricky Racer. But when I was out clipping corners, I did wish for a higher calling of Sport-plus mode. I wanted to use those paddle shifters to grab a lower gear with a hearty throttle blip to carry me through the turn.

The performance mode switch in the base of the steering wheel

A convenient performance-mode switch to toggle between Normal and Sport.

GT-Line Turbo Ride and Handling

The side mirrors, which are offset from the body, offer open cornering views. The Turbo’s 18-inch wheels make the turning circle maneuverable at 36 to 37 feet. With the base 16-inch wheels, the span drops to 35.1 feet.

A notable asset of the GT-Line Turbo is its rear multilink suspension. It is more responsive in cornering than the dutiful torsion-beam axle in the non-turbo models. All K4 models have hydraulic twin-tube, gas-charged shock absorbers.

Highway cruising is settled and comfortable, but the multilink has the mettle for enthusiastic driving. It blends well-damped ride control with fluid weight transfers when diving into and out of corners. At times, the front suspension gave agile responses, but wow, hitting a pothole head-on returns a shocking jolt. More than once, I glanced at the gauge display for a possible blown tire. There was none.

While tearing up a backroad, there was no squawky complaining from the 18-inch Kumho Majesty grand touring tires. There is no distracting tire noise or harshness transferred to the cabin. These are all-season grand touring tires with a treadwear warranty of 6 years or 45,000 miles. Replacements will cost around $220 per tire.

K4 curb weights range from 2,956 pounds for the lower trims to 3,283 pounds for the loaded GT-Line Turbo. Bigger brakes, wheels, and an independent rear suspension add weight to the Turbo model.

The wide view of the 360 degree back up camera

The 360-degree rearview camera. (Mark Maynard photo)

Highway Driving Assist 2

Kia’s Highway Driving Assist 2 provides reliable and trustworthy Level 2 semi-autonomous driving. Lane centering is accurate and steers confidently through highway turns, with few transgressions over the white lines.

HDA2 is enabled with the GT-Line Turbo Technology Package, $2,200. It includes a worthwhile grouping of Smartphone Digital Key, two driver’s seat memory presets, ventilated front seats, a surround view monitor, a blind spot view monitor, and multicolor ambient lighting.

A proper shift lever and some of the largest adjustable cup holders in a small car.

A proper shift lever and some of the largest adjustable cup holders in a small car.

Interior Function

The Kia K4 is a compact that packs midsize substance. It has comfortable shoulder room and an open-air environment. Front headroom is 39 inches, or 37.1, with a sunroof. Front legroom is long, too, at 42.3 inches.

Settle into the driver’s seat for hours-long support without aggressive and confounding side and bottom bolsters. Among the 10-way power adjustments is seat-bottom tilt, not typically applied to small cars.

The rearview camera has 360-degree views, including overhead.

The GT-Line steering wheel has heft and padding where needed for a comfortable grip. The flat top opens sightlines at the base of the windshield, and the flat bottom gives thigh room.

Kia layered on the soundproofing. The treatment helps calm the cabin with dual-layer carpet and acoustic tires on the GT-Line models. An acoustic windshield is also available on the GT-Line Turbo and in the GT-Line Premium package.

Over-the-air updates are possible using the Kia Access app or through the Kia owner’s portal.

The tester came with the optional $175 floor mats, which are of good quality.

Looking at the wireless charging pad at the front of the shifter console

The wireless charging pad and wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto.

Observations and Considerations

There are old-school mechanical release levers for the trunk and fuel door. However, I do not like Kia’s Smart Trunk, the hands-free opener. Just stand at the trunk with key in pocket or purse, and the trunk gives a three-second chime before opening. Apparently, I walk too slowly because the very responsive trunk calibrations triggered an opening every time I walked past. However, the Smart Trunk has its moments, such as when walking up with multiple grocery bags in the rain. Fortunately, the Smart Trunk, a standard feature, can be canceled in the user settings.

When it rains, water droplets collect on the fast slope of the back window, complicating views through the dappled glass. Understandably, there is no rear wiper-washer, but the upcoming hatchback model will sweep away that situation.

With the bounty of features in the GT-Line Turbo, there is no heated steering wheel.

Rear AC outlets only on the GT-Line Turbo. Kia says the GT-Line Turbo was designed to appeal to midsize sedan shoppers who are OK with a slightly smaller vehicle. So the feature set aligns more with the midsize sedan segment. “None of our compact sedan competitors offer rear A/C vents on any trim,” Kia says.

The GT-Line Turbo has SynTex upholstery with heated front seats. And GT-Line embossing, below.

The GT-Line Turbo has SynTex upholstery with heated front seats. And GT-Line embossing, below.

Interior Tech

Upper trim levels of the K4 get the impressive Connected Car Navigation Cockpit (ccNC). The multi-segment display cockpit spans nearly 30 inches of digital display, another trickle-down from the EV9. A Quick Controls function for frequently used features works with a swipe on the screen.The GT-Line embossing on the upper front seatbacks

The broad screenage makes a bold statement, divided into three unequal sections. However, it would be helpful if the sections could be moved around. The steering wheel obscures the left-side segment for heat-temp-AC control. The placement is of no consequence for right-hand-drive models. In this country, however, having to peer around the wheel to make adjustments gets old quickly.

Wireless Apple CarPlay and Android Auto are standard on all K4 models.

Use the Kia Connect voice assistant and say “Hey Kia” to access functions such as climate control and audio.

The K4 has a Connected Car Navigation Cockpit spans nearly 30 inches of digital display.

The Connected Car Navigation Cockpit spans nearly 30 inches of digital display.

Back Seat and Trunk Space

For ride-share drivers, the rear legroom is a long 38 inches, which eases entry and exit. The seatback has a comfortable angle, but there is no seatback recline.

The GT-Line Turbo is unique in that it has rear AC vents, which are not provided on any other trim. Passengers will appreciate that feature and the dual charging USBs just below the vents.

Rear leg room is a long 38 inches, easing entry and exit.

Rear leg room is a long 38 inches, easing entry and exit.

There is a lot of trunk space at 14.6 cubic feet, but the trunk lid opens to just 16 inches. Fortunately, most luggage roller bags can be shoved in, but bigger bags will go to the back seat. Fold the 60/40 seatback for about 6 1/2 feet in length.

Looking into the K4 trunk

Luggage capacity of 14.6 cubic feet is limited by the trunk’s narrow opening of 16 inches. A temporary spare fits below the trunk floor. (Mark Maynard photo)

Why Buy the 2025 Kia K4?

Kia has created a segment disruptor with its K4. Compact sedans are a value purchase, but the K4 injects creative zhuzh — at a value price.

The 2025 Kia K4 will chew into Civic sales, but dethroning the segment champ will take time. The only things the K4 needs to challenge the Civic capably are a hatchback body style, a hybrid powertrain, and a hot version of the GT-Line Turbo.

Tap into the K4 owners’ group, k4owners.com.

A rear three quarter view of the K4

The K4 exterior styling has aerodynamic smoothness that hints at hybrid-tech. The Kia K4 is a resounding stab into the heart of the compact sedan segment.

2025 Kia K4 GT-Line Turbo Specifications

Body style: 4-door, 5-seat front-wheel-drive compact sedan

Engine: 190-hp 1.6-liter gasoline direct injection 4-cylinder; 195 lb.-ft. torque at 1,700-4,500 rpm

Transmission: 8-speed automatic with paddle shifters

Top speed: 130 mph

Fuel economy: 26/36/29 city/hwy/combined; 87 octane recommended

Coefficient of drag: 0.27 Cd

BY THE NUMBERS

Fuel tank: 12.4 gallons

Trunk space: 14.6 cubic feet

Front head/leg room: 37.1*/42.3 inches *w/sunroof

Rear head/leg room: 37/38 inches

Length/wheelbase: 185.4/107.1 inches

Curb weight: 3,283 pounds

Turning circle: 35.1 feet

FEATURES

Standard K4 GT-Line Turbo equipment includes: power sunroof with sunshade, LED Headlights-fog lights-combination taillights, SynTex upholstery, Harmon Kardon audio system, alloy sport pedals, rear air vents

Safety features include: Eight air bags (including standard rear side bags), auto emergency braking pedestrian and cyclist detection, smart cruise control with stop and go, Lane keeping and following, high beam assist

CHASSIS COMPONENTS

Brakes: Hydraulic, vacuum power-assisted 4-wheel discs; front, 16-inch ventilated rotors; rear, 15-inch solid rotors

Steering: Column-mounted, motor driven power assist (C-MDPS)

Tires-wheels: 18-inch all-season grand touring Kumho Majesty 9 Solus TA91, 235/40R; black alloy wheels

Suspension: front MacPherson struts; rear, multilink; hydraulic twin-tube, gas-charged shock absorbers (all trim levels)

PRICING

Base price: $29,265, including $1,175 freight charge; price as tested $32,155

Options on test vehicle: Snow White Pearl paint $395; GT-Line red interior color package $295; GT-Line Turbo Technology Package $2,200

Where assembled: Pesqueria, Mexico

Warranties: 5-years/60,000-miles bumper to bumper with roadside assistance; 10-years/100,000-miles powertrain